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Spring-标签-《context:component-scan》扫描使用上的容易忽略的use-default-filters

问题

如下方式可以成功扫描到@Controller注解的Bean,不会扫描@Service/@Repository的Bean。正确

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<context:component-scan base-package="org.bdp.system.test.controller">   
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>

但是如下方式,不仅仅扫描@Controller,还扫描@Service/@Repository的Bean,可能造成一些问题

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<context:component-scan base-package="org.bdp">   
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>

这个尤其在springmvc+spring+hibernate等集成时最容易出问题的地,最典型的错误就是:
事务不起作用

这是什么问题呢?

分析

1、context:component-scan会交给org.springframework.context.config.ContextNamespaceHandler处理;

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registerBeanDefinitionParser("component-scan", new ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser());  

2、ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser会读取配置文件信息并组装成org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner进行处理;

3、如果没有配置context:component-scan的use-default-filters属性,则默认为true,在创建ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner时会根据use-default-filters是否为true来调用如下代码:

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protected void registerDefaultFilters() {  
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class));
ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader();
try {
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
((Class<? extends Annotation>) cl.loadClass("javax.annotation.ManagedBean")), false));
logger.info("JSR-250 'javax.annotation.ManagedBean' found and supported for component scanning");
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
// JSR-250 1.1 API (as included in Java EE 6) not available - simply skip.
}
try {
this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
((Class<? extends Annotation>) cl.loadClass("javax.inject.Named")), false));
logger.info("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning");
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
// JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
}
}

可以看到默认ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner会自动注册对@Component、@ManagedBean、@Named注解的Bean进行扫描。如果细心,到此我们就找到问题根源了。

4、在进行扫描时会通过include-filter/exclude-filter来判断你的Bean类是否是合法的:

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protected boolean isCandidateComponent(MetadataReader metadataReader) throws IOException {  
for (TypeFilter tf : this.excludeFilters) {
if (tf.match(metadataReader, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
return false;
}
}
for (TypeFilter tf : this.includeFilters) {
if (tf.match(metadataReader, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
AnnotationMetadata metadata = metadataReader.getAnnotationMetadata();
if (!metadata.isAnnotated(Profile.class.getName())) {
return true;
}
AnnotationAttributes profile = MetadataUtils.attributesFor(metadata, Profile.class);
return this.environment.acceptsProfiles(profile.getStringArray("value"));
}
}
return false;
}

首先通过exclude-filter 进行黑名单过滤;

然后通过include-filter 进行白名单过滤;

否则默认排除。

结论

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<context:component-scan base-package="org.bdp">   
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>

为什么这段代码不仅仅扫描@Controller注解的Bean,而且还扫描了@Component的子注解@Service、@Reposity。因为use-default-filters默认为true。所以如果不需要默认的,则use-default-filters=“false”禁用掉。